10 Effective Diarrhea Medicines

The endocrine system consists of various organs and glands that are responsible for producing hormones. These hormones play an important role in controlling various body organ performance, metabolism and growth processes. If the function of this system is disrupted, various health problems can occur.

The endocrine system is spread in various parts of the body. This system works by producing and channeling hormones into the blood vessels to reach the organs in the body. 

10 Effective Diarrhea Medicines

The hormones produced are responsible for regulating the body's response to stress, metabolism, reproduction, growth and development processes, blood pressure and body temperature.

If the function of the endocrine system is disrupted and cannot produce hormones properly, this condition can cause disorders in the body You. Therefore, the health of the endocrine system needs to be maintained so that it functions optimally.

Various Parts of the Endocrine System and Their Functions

Each part of the organs and glands of the endocrine system produces different hormones and has its own function. The following are the organs and several glands in the endocrine system and their functions:

1. The pituitary gland

The pituitary gland or master gland is a small gland located at the base of the brain, precisely under the hypothalamus. Even though it is small in size, this gland plays an important role in producing hormones and regulating various functions of other glands, such as the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and reproductive organs.

The pituitary gland is also responsible for producing various important hormones, including:

  • Hormones adrenocorticotropic (ACTH), plays a role in producing stress hormones and stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), functions to regulate ovulation or a woman's fertile period
  • Growth hormone, to encourage children's growth and development and maintain healthy bones and muscles
  • The prolactin hormone, regulates breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers
  • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), functions to produce thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism, energy levels and the nervous system
  • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), to regulate blood pressure and balance the amount of water and salt (sodium) in the body

If the pituitary gland experiences problems, for example producing too many hormones, this condition can disrupt the function of the body's organs. Disorders of the pituitary gland can cause a number of diseases, such as acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, prolactinoma, and hypopituitarism.

2. The hypothalamus gland

The hypothalamus glandis part of the endocrine system which regulates the release of hormones to control various body functions, such as body temperature, sleep cycles, thirst and hunger, and the body's response to stress. This part of the brain also plays an important role in regulating blood pressure and heart rate.

Damage to the hypothalamus can cause several health problems, such as diabetes insipidus, hypopituitarism, hyperprolactinemia, and Kallman syndrome. These diseases can cause the following symptoms:

  • Excessive thirst
  • Frequent urination
  • Weight loss
  • Increase or decrease blood pressure
  • Pubertal delay
  • Difficulty sleeping
  • Infertility 
  • Sensitivity to cold temperatures
  • Slow heartbeat

3. Thyroid gland

The thyroid gland is also part of the endocrine system. This gland is shaped like a butterfly and is located in the neck, precisely under the vocal cords. The function of the thyroid gland is to produce and secrete thyroid hormones which are responsible for metabolismas well as growth and development in the body.

The endocrine system can be disrupted if this gland produces excessive thyroid hormones. The following are some symptoms that can occur in the body:

  • Puffing in the chest
  • Shaking
  • Sweats easily
  • Weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Diarrhea
  • Goiter
  • Psychological disorders, such as anxiety and nervousness

On the other hand, if the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones, the body will experience the following symptoms:

  • Sensitivity to cold air
  • Dry skin
  • Hair loss
  • Constipation
  • Difficulty concentrating
  • Weight gain
  • Weak body
  • Slow heartbeat

4. Parathyroid glands

Parathyroid glands are also located in the neck, precisely behind the thyroid gland. This part of the endocrine system functions to regulate calcium balance in the body. Therefore, this gland plays a major role in the health and development of organs that need calcium, such as bones, muscles, teeth, heart and blood vessels.

Damage to the parathyroid glands can cause sufferers to experience several symptoms, such as muscle pain, easily tired, difficulty sleeping, and easily anxious and depressed. 

If not treated properly, disorders of the parathyroid glands can increase the risk of developing osteoporosis and kidney stones.

5. Adrenal glands

This small, triangular-shaped gland located above the kidneys is responsible for producing several types of hormones, such as adrenaline, cortisol hormone, and aldosterone hormone. These hormones function to control blood pressure, metabolism, electrolyte levels and blood sugar.  style="font-weight: 400;">. There are several symptoms that can be caused by this disease, including:

  • Increase or decrease in weight
  • Fatigue
  • Increased or decreased blood pressure
  • Frequently sick or infected
  • Sugar levels blood high or low
  • Poor appetite
  • Muscle pain
  • Dizziness
  • Irregular menstruation
  • Diarrhea 
  • Puffy face (moonface)

6. The thymus gland

The thymus gland is a gland that plays an important role in 2 body systems, namely the immune system and the endocrine system. This gland is located in the middle of the chest cavity, precisely behind the breastbone and between the lungs. 

One ​​of the important tasks of the thymus gland is to produce the hormone thymosin, a hormone that plays an important role in producing white blood cells T-lymphocytes. These white blood cells function to fight cancer cells, germs and viruses that cause infections. The performance of these cells is assisted by other white blood cells called B-lymphocytes.

Even though it is rare, the thymus gland can potentially become cancerous. Cancer that occurs in the thymus gland is called thymoma. This disease can cause symptoms of pain in the upper chest, constant cough, shortness of breath, hoarseness, and swelling of the face, neck or arms.

7. Pineal gland

Another part of the endocrine system is the pineal gland. The main function of this gland is to produce the hormone melatonin which is responsible for controlling the sleep cycle. Apart from that, this hormone also plays an important role in regulating ovulation and the menstrual cycle in women.

If the function of the pineal gland is disrupted, for example due to a tumor in the pineal gland, sufferers can experience sleep disturbances, headaches, seizures, nausea, and disturbances. vision.

8. Reproductive glands

The endocrine system also includes the testes and ovaries. The reproductive glands in men are found in the scrotum which produces the hormone testosterone to produce sperm.

Meanwhile, the reproductive glands in women are found in the ovaries which function to produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone. These hormones play an important role in regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy.

9. Pancreas

The gland pancreas is part of the endocrine system which is located in the stomach. This gland produces 2 hormones which play an important role in regulating blood sugar levels, namely the insulin hormone and the glucagon hormone. Apart from being part of the endocrine system, the pancreas is also part of the digestive system.

If the pancreas is disturbed, this organ will not be able to produce hormones optimally. Symptoms of pancreatic disorders can include pain in the upper abdomen, reduced appetite, back pain, bloating, nausea and vomiting, and digestive disorders. 

The role of the endocrine system is very important to protect the body from various diseases. Therefore, you need to always maintain the health of your endocrine system by:

  • Maintaining an ideal body weight
  • Exercising regularly for at least 150 minutes a week
  • Limit alcohol intake
  • No smoking
  • Getting enough sleep for 7–8 hours
  • Eating nutritious food

If you experience health problems related to the endocrine system, for example weight loss for no apparent reason, don't hesitate to consult a doctor. You can do consultations easily without meeting face to face via Chat with a Doctor.

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