Dialysis, this is what you need to know

Anthropometry is the science of measuring the dimensions of the human body, such as height, weight, head circumference and body shape. In fact, anthropometry can also measure the thickness of body tissue, including fat, bone and muscle tissue. These measurements are carried out in various ways and for various purposes.

The term anthropometry comes from Greek, namely anthropos which means human and metron which means size. These measurements can help understand variations and differences in human body shape. Apart from that, anthropometric examinations are also often carried out to assess a person's nutritional status, from babies, children to adults.

Dialysis, this is what you need to know

Anthropometrics and Goals Doing it

The purpose of anthropometry is to obtain data about the dimensions of the human body and assess the body's health condition. Apart from that, anthropometric examinations can also be carried out for the following needs:

  • Measuring the body of pregnant women, so they can find out whether their nutritional intake is adequate and prevent various problems pregnancy due to nutritional deficiencies
  • Monitoring the growth and development of babies and children, so that they can detect various problems, such as malnutrition, stunting, or obesity, from an early age
  • Assessing nutritional status through measuring height and weight, waist circumference, and arm circumference to determine whether a person has an ideal body weight or not
  • Diagnosing nutritional status disorders, such as malnutrition or obesity

Apart from the reasons above, anthropometry can also be done to measure an athlete's body composition. That way, they can determine an exercise program that suits their body fitness condition. 

Anthropometric examinations can also be carried out for other simpler purposes, such as fitting outfit to determine the right clothing size. 

Anthropometrics and Various Measurement Techniques

Anthropometric measurement techniques are divided into several parts based on body parts, namely:

1. Head circumference measurement

Head circumference measurements are generally carried out at babies and toddlers. Measurements are taken by circling a piece of string or measuring tape from the forehead to the most prominent part of the back of the head.

2 head circumference measurements are taken. time. If the results vary, the average of the two measurements will be used.

2. Body length measurement

This measurement is done by laying the baby in a supine position on the infantometer, then straightening the body and legs. This anthropometric measurement is carried out from head to toe of the baby 2 times. If the results are different, the average of the two measurements will be used.

3. Measuring body weight

The baby's weight is measured using a special baby scale. Meanwhile, weight measurements children to adults use ordinary scales or digital scale.

To do this, you simply stand on the scale with both feet parallel without shoes, then the body weight number will appear.

4. Height measurement

Height measurement is carried out using a stadiometer. To do this, you stand straight with your shoulders, back, buttocks and heels pressed against the stadiometer, and your head facing straight forward. Then, the stadiometer bar is pulled down until it touches the top of the head to determine body height.

5. Body mass index measurement

Body mass index (BMI ) is used to determine ideal body weight and determine whether someone is overweight or not. The way to calculate it is by dividing body weight in kilograms (kg) by body height in meters squared (m²).

For example, if you weigh 55 kg and height 1.60 m (160 cm), the BMI calculation is 55 kg ÷ (1.60 m × 1.60 m) = 21.5 kg/m². So, your BMI value is 21.5 kg/m².

6. Measuring the length of arms and legs

This anthropometric measurement is usually done to determine body proportions. A measuring rope or tape will be used to measure the length of the upper arm, lower arm, thigh and leg.

7. Waist and hip circumference measurements

Waist circumference measurements are made by wrapping a string or measuring tape around the waist, just below the stomach. Meanwhile, hip circumference is measured by rotating the measuring tape around the largest part of the buttocks.

Apart from being able to determine nutritional status, this measurement can also helps assess your risk for chronic diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease.

8. Measurement of waist-hip and waist-height ratio

This measurement is carried out to compare waist circumference with hip circumference, and waist circumference with height body. In this way, the distribution of body fat can be known. This measurement aims to assess your risk of experiencing chronic diseases due to being overweight and fat accumulation.

9. Measurement of skinfold thickness

This anthropometric measurement can be done in various areas of the body, such as the arms, back, chest, stomach, thighs, and calves, with the help of special tools. One measurement, namely examination upper arm circumference (LILA), is one examples of anthropometric examinations that are most often carried out on pregnant women. 

The various anthropometric measurements above can provide knowledge about a person's physical condition, including body weight, height and body fat distribution. This measurement is very useful for monitoring health and determining the risk of disease that may arise.

With proper measurement and use, anthropometry can be useful for understand the human body and support its various needs. To find out your body's health condition and the distribution of your body's fat and muscle tissue, you can undergo an anthropometric examination at a health center, clinic or hospital.

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