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Premature rupture of membranes needs pregnant women to be aware of. The reason is, this condition can lead to serious complications that endanger the lives of pregnant women and their fetuses. Therefore, it is important to know the cause of premature rupture of membranes so that pregnant women can anticipate the dangers of this pregnancy.

During pregnancy, the fetus is protected and surrounded by a membrane that contains amniotic fluid. This fluid is produced about 12 days after fertilization or after the amniotic sac is formed.

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Shortly before the baby is born, the amniotic sac will rupture and the amniotic fluid will come out through the vagina. Within approximately 24 hours after the membranes rupture, the baby will usually be born.

If the membranes rupture before 37 weeks of gestation, the condition is considered premature rupture of the membranes.

The Causes of Premature Rupture of Membranes

Premature rupture of membranes usually causes premature labor, which is a condition when the baby is forced to be born prematurely. This condition is generally more at risk for the following conditions:

  • Infection in the uterus, amniotic sac, cervix, or vagina
  • Twin pregnancy or too much amniotic fluid
  • Smoking or using drugs during pregnancy
  • History of premature rupture of membranes in a previous pregnancy
  • Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy
  • Low body mass index of pregnant women
  • High blood pressure or uncontrolled blood sugar levels
  • Short or too far between births
  • Cervical surgery and biopsy

Complications of premature rupture of membranes

Premature rupture of membranes is a serious condition because it can lead to several complications, such as:

1. Uterine infection

This condition is characterized by symptoms such as fever, unusual vaginal discharge, vaginal odor, fast pulse, pain in the lower abdomen, and a faster than normal fetal heartbeat.

If left untreated, infection of the uterus can cause sepsis in the baby which is dangerous.

2. Retention of the placenta

Premature delivery due to premature rupture of membranes increases the risk of retained placenta, which is a condition when part or all of the placenta is left in the uterus.

This condition can cause postpartum hemorrhage. characterized by heavy vaginal bleeding within 24 hours to 6 weeks after delivery.

3. Placental abruption

placental abruption, which is partial or complete separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery occurs. This condition can trigger premature labor or even death of the fetus.

4. Brain injury to the fetus

When amniotic fluid is lost, the umbilical cord can become pinched between the fetus and the uterine wall. As a result, the fetus can suffer brain injury or even death.

5. Death

If the membranes rupture before 23 weeks of gestation, the fetal lungs may not develop properly and the fetus will not survive.

Even if the fetus survives , then it is likely that he will experience physical and mental disabilities when born. Babies are also at risk for several problems, such as chronic lung disease, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, and developmental disorders.

If pregnant women experience premature rupture of the amniotic fluid, go home immediately. sick to get treatment from a doctor. Amniotic fluid can be recognized by its characteristics that are clear or white in color, accompanied by blood or mucus, and odorless.

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