Ovarian cysts are generally benign. However, in some conditions, benign ovarian cysts can potentially become malignant or cancerous ovarian cysts. If detected too late and not treated quickly, ovarian cysts can get worse until they become ovarian cancer.

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that grows on the ovary or ovary. Most ovarian cysts are harmless and can go away on their own without special treatment.

Its presence is often asymptomatic and can only be detected when the cyst is large, severe, or has become malignant. Ovarian cysts that are malignant require prompt and precise medical treatment.

Various Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts

Symptoms of ovarian cysts usually only feel when the cyst has enlarged, ruptured , or interfere with blood flow to the ovaries. In some cases, ovarian cysts can cause symptoms such as:

  • Flatulence
  • Frequent urination
  • Changes in the menstrual cycle
  • Limp
  • Pain during bowel movements
  • Pelvic pain
  • Pain or soreness during sexual intercourse

Symptoms of a cyst benign and malignant ovaries are often difficult to distinguish because they can be similar. However, if you experience the above symptoms accompanied by other symptoms, such as weight loss, fever, swollen feet, and shortness of breath, you should immediately consult a doctor.

In addition, the risk of developing malignant ovarian cysts or cancer is also higher in women who have menopause. However, do not rule out the possibility that malignant ovarian cysts can also occur in young women.

Types of ovarian cysts

About 70 percent of ovarian cysts are benign and only about 6 percent of ovarian cysts are classified as malignant and have cancer cells. The following are some types of cysts and their explanations:

Functional cysts

Functional cysts are the most common types of ovarian cysts in women, especially during the menstrual cycle. Functional cysts are divided into two types, namely follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts.

In general, this type of cyst is painless and will disappear on its own within a few months without the need for special treatment.

Benign cysts

There are various types of benign ovarian cysts, including:

  • Dermoid cysts, which are cysts that contain body tissue, such as hair , skin, or teeth, and rarely develop into cancer.
  • Cystadenoma cysts, which are cysts that arise from the surface of the ovaries and have the potential to have cancer cells.
  • Endometrioma cysts, which are cysts caused by by endometriosis and in certain cases, these cysts can develop into cancer cells.

Any benign cyst actually has the potential to develop into ovarian cancer. Therefore, cysts are generally removed surgically or monitored regularly because some can go away on their own without medical treatment.

Malignant cysts

Malignant ovarian cysts contains cancer cells that can cause ovarian cancer. In general, malignant ovarian cysts come from benign cysts that have grown too long, so they turn malignant due to late treatment.

How to Detect Benign or Malignant Ovarian Cysts

To detect whether you have a benign or malignant ovarian cyst, the doctor will perform several tests. In diagnosing ovarian cysts and determining the type, the doctor can perform a physical examination along with supporting tests, such as:

Blood test

The doctor can perform a blood test to look for protein CA-125, which is a marker for certain cancers, including ovarian cancer. CA-125 levels in ovarian cancer patients are generally high. However, this cannot be the only rule.

A woman's CA-125 levels can also increase when menstruating, pregnant, or suffering from certain conditions, such as pelvic inflammation and endometriosis.

Ultrasound (USG)

An ultrasound examination can be performed to detect the type, shape, size and location of ovarian cysts. This examination can also be done when the doctor wants to do other tests, such as a biopsy.

Biopsy

A biopsy is a procedure of taking a number of tissue samples from a part of the body for further examination. further with the microscope. Through this examination the doctor can assess and determine whether the cyst or abnormality that appears is benign or malignant.

Laparoscopy

Sometimes, doctors perform laparoscopic surgical procedures to remove one of the ovarian tissues and check for signs of cancer in the ovaries.

Not all ovarian cysts can become malignant, but you are still advised to get a medical check-up to a doctor if you experience symptoms of ovarian cysts.

This is important so that the doctor can ensure that the cyst is benign and does not have the potential to become malignant. If the doctor's examination shows that the cyst is malignant, you can get treatment as soon as possible, so that the chances of a cure will be even greater.

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