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A reconstructive ophthalmologist is a doctor who has special expertise in treating disorders or disorders of the structure and function of the eye, as well as the surrounding area. These areas include the eyelids, bones and eye sockets, tear ducts, forehead, and the middle of the face.

To become a reconstructive ophthalmologist, a general practitioner must first take an eye specialist education. After completing specialist education, then the doctor can continue his subspecialty education in the field of eye reconstructive surgery.

Eye Conditions Treated by Reconstructive Optometrists

The following are some of the conditions a reconstructive ophthalmologist can treat:

1. Tear duct problems

One of the most common tear duct problems is blockage of the tear ducts. Blockages can occur in the nose, eyelids, or the edge of the eyelids. This condition often occurs in babies or children, but adults can sometimes experience it too.

When the tear duct is blocked, a person may experience symptoms of watery eyes, eye discomfort, or a lump in the tear duct. In certain cases, blockage of the tear ducts can also occur with a tear duct infection.

2. Eye irritation

There are several eye disorders that can be treated by a reconstructive ophthalmologist, including:

• Injury or injury to the eye, such as broken bones around the eye socket and stab wounds to the eye
• Eye cancer
• Eye deformities, such as eyes that are too deep into the eye socket ( enophthalamos ) and eye bulging ( exophthalmos )

3. Disorders of the eyelids and face

Some of the disorders of the eyelids and face that can be treated by a reconstructive ophthalmologist are:

• Ptosis or drooping and hard to lift eyelids
• Dermatochalasis or excess skin on the eyelids
• Ectropion, which is a condition when the eyelids fold outwards
• Entropion, which is a condition when the eyelids fold into the eyeball and make the eyelashes injure the eyeball
• Blefaropasme
• Hemifacial spasm (HFS), twitching of one side of the face
• Meige's syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by muscle contractions of the jaw, tongue and eyes

4. Trichiasis

Trichiasis is a condition when the position of the eyelash growth is abnormal or misdirected. Trichiasis can cause eye irritation to blindness due to permanent damage to the cornea.

This condition often causes symptoms of red and sore eyes, watery eyes, glare or light sensitivity, and visual disturbances.

5. Endoftalmitis

Endoftalmitis is a condition when the eyeball and the tissue around the eye become inflamed due to a severe infection. This infection can occur due to injury to the eye, such as a stab wound or the entry of a foreign object into the eye, as well as the spread of germs or fungi from other parts of the body, for example in sepsis.

This condition is one of the conditions that need to be treated by a doctor immediately.

Actions Performed by Reconstructive Optometrists

A reconstructive ophthalmologist can provide consultation, diagnose diseases, and determine treatment for patients with eye disorders. Handling can be done by administering drugs or with medical measures, such as surgery.

The following types of operations can be performed by a reconstructive ophthalmologist:

Blefaroplasty

This is done to correct the shape of the eyelids. Eyelid surgery or blepharoplasty is generally done by removing or correcting the position of the skin and fatty tissue around the eyelids.

This operation is often performed to improve the patient's appearance, for example because the shape of the eyelids is not symmetrical or the eyelids appear loose. However, apart from cosmetic reasons, eyelid surgery can also be done to treat disorders of the eyelids, such as ectropion and entropion.

Eyebrow lift

Eyebrow lift surgery is a type of plastic surgery that can be performed by reconstructive ophthalmologists. This surgery aims to lift and flatten the eyebrows and remove wrinkles or sagging on the forehead.

Ptosis correction surgery

This corrective procedure is performed based on the underlying cause of the ptosis. Ptosis itself is caused by a disorder of the nerves or muscles of the eye which functions to regulate the process of opening and closing the eyelids.

In treating ptosis, the doctor can perform surgery on the eye to tighten the eye muscles or repair the nerves in the eye.

Dacriocystorhinostomy (DCR)

DCR aims to repair blocked tear ducts and allow the patient's tears to flow smoothly. This procedure is done by making an incision in the side of the nose or it can be endoscopic.

Eye lifting

Eye removal surgery is generally performed to remove eye tissue that has been severely damaged and cannot be repaired, for example due to a tumor or eye cancer and severe infection or serious injury to the eye. There are two techniques of eye removal, namely evisceration and enucleation.

Evisceration is done by removing the cornea and the inside of the eyeball, but the white part of the eye (sclera) is still preserved. Meanwhile, enucleation is the removal of the entire eye, including the sclera.

After the patient's eye is removed, the doctor may perform a replacement eye or prosthetic insertion to improve the patient's appearance. However, this prosthetic eye cannot restore the function of vision that has been damaged.

Apart from surgery or surgery, ophthalmologist reconstructive specialists can also perform other medical procedures such as administering Botox injections to the eyelid muscles and removing eyelashes or epilation. This epilation can be done in cases of trichiasis.

When to see a reconstructive ophthalmologist?

Patients will usually be referred to a reconstructive ophthalmologist by a general practitioner or ophthalmologist. However, apart from being referred to, patients can also consult directly to a reconstructive ophthalmologist if they experience the following symptoms or conditions:

• Eye pain
• Red and swollen eyes
• Asymmetrical eye shape
• Loose eyelids
• Difficult to open eyes or difficult to lift eyelids
• Injury to the eye, such as a stab wound to the eye or a broken bone around the eye socket
• A lump appears in the eye or around the eye
• Eyelashes injure the eye, for example because the eyelid folds into the eye

Preparation Before Visiting a Reconstructive Optometrist

Before meeting an ophthalmologist, a reconstruction specialist, you are advised to prepare the following things so that the doctor can more easily determine the right treatment:

• Make records related to medical history and medical treatment that has been done, including drugs that have been prescribed
• Recording complaints that are felt, how long has the complaint been occurring, and what are the triggering factors
• Bring the results of previous medical examinations if any, such as a biopsy, blood test, ultrasound, or CT scan of the eye

If you find it difficult to choose a reconstructive ophthalmologist, you can ask for a recommendation or referral from a general practitioner or an ophthalmologist. Your doctor can refer you to a reconstructive ophthalmologist according to the diagnosis of your eye disease and its severity.

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