How to treat hydronephrosis based on the cause

Hypotension and hypertension are two conditions that are characterized by abnormal blood pressure values. Both disorders in blood pressure can cause various health problems, ranging from mild to severe. However, between hypotension and hypertension, which is more dangerous?

Blood pressure is one of the four vital signs in the body that is used as a benchmark for a person's general health condition. The value of blood pressure can be known through a blood pressure check. Normal blood pressure values ​​in adults range from 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.

Hypotension and hypertension are two opposing conditions. Hypotension or low blood pressure is a condition when blood pressure is below 90/60 mmHg. Conversely, hypertension is a condition of increasing blood pressure to exceed 140/80 mmHg or more.

Even though they are opposites, hypotension and hypertension are two conditions that can both affect health.

Symptoms of Hypertension Often Not Detected

Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases and affects the most people in the world.

WHO data for 2019 shows that around 1.1 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension. In Indonesia alone, the results of the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) showed that around 25.8% of Indonesia's population suffer from hypertension.

Hypertension can be caused by many things, ranging from heredity or genetic factors, certain health conditions, such as diabetes and obesity, to unhealthy lifestyles, such as rarely exercising, consuming too often foods high in salt and saturated fat, excessive stress, and often smoking or consuming alcohol.

Hypertension can be said to be a dangerous disease because it often time does not cause any symptoms. Symptoms of hypertension usually only appear when blood pressure is very high and cause disruption of certain organ functions. When that happens, hypertension can cause several signs and symptoms, such as:

• Dizziness
• Headaches
• Blurry vision
• Limp
• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Heart palpitations
• Frequent nosebleeds
• Nausea and vomiting

If not controlled, high blood pressure or hypertension can develop into malignant hypertension. This condition has a high risk of causing various dangerous complications such as coronary heart disease, stroke and kidney disease.

Hypertension can be treated with lifestyle changes, such as exercising more, limiting high-salt foods, to using antihypertensive drugs. as prescribed by the doctor.

Hypotension Can Be a Sign of Specific Disease

Compared to hypertension, hypotension is less common. The condition of hypotension is more common in people who have high physical activity or frequent strenuous exercise and this is normal.

However, hypotension can also be caused by several other things, such as drug side effects, orthostatic hypotension , to certain medical conditions, such as dehydration, bleeding, hormonal disorders, malnutrition, to heart problems, including arrhythmias and heart failure.

Just like hypertension, hypotension also often does not cause typical symptoms. However, there are some symptoms that often arise when a person experiences hypotension, including:

• Dizziness
• Nausea and vomiting
• Limp
• Blurry vision
• Loss of balance
• Heart palpitations
• Shortness of breath
• Fainting
• Difficulty concentrating
• Pale and cold skin

Hypotension cannot be underestimated because of the risk of causing a dangerous condition, namely shock. This happens when blood pressure is very low or drastically reduced, so the body does not get enough oxygen.

This condition can affect the disruption of various organs, such as the brain, kidneys, and heart. If left untreated, this condition can lead to complications and even death.

Hypotension can be overcome by increasing fluid intake, either through food and drink or intravenous fluid therapy, stopping the use of drugs that cause hypotension, to handle conditions that underlie the occurrence of hypotension, such as bleeding or heart problems.

If you have caused shock or severe hypotension, this condition needs to be treated by a doctor. To overcome severe hypotension, your doctor may provide oxygen therapy and medications, such as adrenaline or epinephrine injections.

Prevent Hypotension and Hypertension in This Way

Hypotension and hypertension are equally harmful to health. Therefore, it is recommended that you keep your blood pressure normal to prevent both conditions. Here are some ways you can do:

• Set a healthy diet and choose a balanced nutritious intake every day, for example to limit or reduce intake of salt and saturated fat, sugar, and multiply the consumption of healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables.
• Drink enough water at least 8 glasses (about 1.5–2 liters) of water every day.
• Exercise regularly for at least 20-30 minutes every day. `
• Reduce weight and keep it ideal
• Manage stress well, for example by doing yoga and getting enough rest.
• Avoid smoking and consuming alcoholic beverages excessively.

In addition, you also need to routinely do blood pressure checks to the doctor or use a tensimeter yourself at home. If your blood pressure is abnormal, you should immediately consult a doctor to undergo further tests and get the right treatment. This is important to prevent complications due to hypotension or hypertension.

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