Get to know a variety of sperm disorders

About 13 out of 100 couples find it difficult to have children despite having sex regularly. One reason is sperm abnormalities. This disorder can lie in the number, shape, or ability to move sperm cells.

Sperm cells are produced in the testes or testicles. Sperm cell production is influenced by many factors, such as testosterone levels and testicular temperature. When men ejaculate, millions of sperm cells will be released through the penis with a liquid called semen or semen.

Get to know a variety of sperm disorders

These sperm cells will then move in the uterus to the fallopian tubes or female fallopian tubes, where sperm cells can fertilize the egg and cause pregnancy. If there are abnormalities in the number, shape, or ability to move sperm, fertilization of the egg will be more difficult to occur.

To confirm the condition of the sperm cells, the doctor will suggest a semen analysis or sperm examination. In this examination, semen that is ejaculated during masturbation will be collected in a sterile container and examined in a laboratory to find out whether there is a sperm abnormality.

Sperm Abnormalities from the Total Triangle

A small amount of sperm causes the chance of fertilization to decrease. This is because not all sperm that make it into the uterus will pass through the fallopian tubes and fertilize an egg. semen, and is said to be azoospermia if the semen has no sperm at all.

Some conditions that can cause oligozoospermia or azoospermia are:

  • Hormonal disorders, for example testosterone levels which low
  • Testicular history does not descend into the testicular sac (cryptorchidism) as a child
  • Dilation of veins in the scrotum (varicocele)
  • Infection in testes or surrounding structures due to bacteria, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea; or viral infections, such as mumps
  • Blockages or damage to the epididymal ducts and the vas deferens that function to send sperm out of the testis
  • Smoking habits, alcohol consumption overuse, or use illegal drugs
  • Overweight or obese
  • Use of certain antibiotic and corticosteroid drugs
  • History of chemotherapy or radiotherapy

Sperm Abnormalities in Terms of Motion Ability

Sperm that can move in the uterus and reach the fallopian tube are sperm who have good motility or mobility. Conversely, sperm that have poor motility move slowly, spin around, or even not move at all.

Sperm is said to be motile (actively moving) if it is able to move forward, at least 25 micrometers every second.

If a man has a sperm count with normal motility less than 40% of the total sperm he ejects, then the man is said to have asthenozoospermia. The smaller the percentage of motile sperm, the smaller the chance of conception.

Some things that can increase a man's risk of developing asthenozoospermia are:

  • Genetic or hereditary factors
  • Smoking habits, especially when smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day
  • Varicocele, ie widening of the veins in the scrotum
  • Abnormalities in male reproductive glands, such as seminal vesicle glands which produces semen

Sperm Abnormalities in Terms of Shape

Normal sperm cells have an oval-shaped head and a long tail. The shape of the sperm cell head will greatly affect the ability of the sperm to penetrate the egg and fertilize. The tail part of the sperm is also important to determine the ability of sperm to move.

If the shape of sperm cells is not normal, the chances of conception will decrease. A man is said to have teratozoospermia if the number of normal-sized sperm is less than 14% of the total sperm he produces. The smaller the number, the lower the fertility rate of a man.

Some things that can cause abnormalities in sperm shape are:

  • Elderly
  • Excessive alcohol consumption
  • Use of illegal drugs
  • Smoking habits
  • Exposure to radiation or hazardous chemicals

Sperm disorders, both in terms of number, shape, and ability to move, can interfere with male fertility. To reduce the risk of abnormalities in sperm and improve sperm quality, you need to adopt a healthy lifestyle, such as regular exercise and eating nutritious foods.

Research shows that adequate intake of antioxidants, such as vitamin C and beta carotene, can help maintain sperm health. This antioxidant is abundant in vegetables and fruit.

If you have had sexual intercourse routinely for 1 year but have not succeeded in having children, you and your partner should consult a doctor. The doctor will conduct a series of tests to find out the cause, including semen examination to find out whether there is sperm abnormality.

Written by:

Dr. Irene Cindy Sunur

Label : Health cat_Health

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