Explanation of Oncology and Its Role in Dealing with Cancer

Oncology is a branch of medicine that focuses on cancer. Oncology is divided into several subspecialties, namely medical oncology, radiation, surgery, gynecology, children, and hematology.

In oncology, everything related to cancer will be studied, including how to diagnose, treat, treat and prevent it. A doctor who studies oncology is called an oncologist.

Explanation of Oncology and Its Role in Dealing with Cancer

Types of Oncology

Based on the treatment given, the oncology is divided into medical oncology, surgical oncology, and radiation oncology.

Medical oncology is the science of oncology that focuses on the treatment and treatment of cancer using chemotherapy, hormone therapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy.

While surgical oncology is a branch of oncology that focuses on treating cancer through surgical procedures, and radiation oncology focuses on treating cancer through radiation therapy.

Besides on the basis of treatment actions, oncology can also be divided into several subspecialties based on the type of cancer being treated, namely pediatric oncology, gynecological oncology, and hematological oncology.

Pediatric oncologists study cancer management in children, including their treatment and care. While gynecological oncology focuses on cancers that attack the female reproductive system (vagina, uterus, cervix, or ovaries), and hematological oncology focuses on cancers related to blood, namely leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma.

Oncology in Medical Practice

Oncologists study ways to detect, treat, relieve symptoms, and prevent cancer recurrence. For more details, here is the role of oncology in medical practice:

Help diagnose cancer

An oncologist can diagnose cancer suffered by the patient, along with the severity or stage. To diagnose cancer, there are several tests that will be performed by oncologists, including physical examinations, urine tests, blood tests, imaging tests, and biopsies.

Help treat cancer and alleviate symptoms

Cancer treatment methods commonly applied by oncologists are surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, and target therapy. The treatment method will be chosen based on the type, location, and severity of the cancer, and the general condition of the patient.

Meanwhile, to help ease the symptoms of cancer suffered by patients, oncologists will usually provide painkillers. The doctor will also provide drugs that can relieve the side effects of cancer therapy, for example, nausea.

Helps prevent recurrence

The role of an oncologist is not only to diagnose and treat cancer, but also to help prevent this disease from re-emerging. Patients will usually be advised to control periodically to anticipate a recurrence of cancer.

Oncology is a field of medical science that focuses on the detection and treatment of cancer. Even so, in treating cancer patients, oncologists will usually also work with general practitioners and specialists in other fields.

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