Dengue Fever Vaccine: Need or Not?

Dengue fever often hits tropical climates , like Indonesia. The high number of dengue cases makes many researchers try to develop the most effective vaccine to prevent this disease. However, the dengue fever vaccine still has some disadvantages.

Dengue fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus infection, this disease is transmitted through mosquito bites. Usually, dengue fever occurs during the rainy season. This is because high rainfall allows mosquitoes to breed well.

Dengue Fever Vaccine: Need or Not?

DHF has several symptoms, such as high fever, a rash on the skin, bone or muscle pain, and headache in the back of the eye. In severe cases, bleeding can also be life-threatening. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that around 20,000 people die each year from dengue fever.

Get to know Dengue Vaccine

The dengue fever vaccine that is available is CYD-TDV vaccine (Dengvaxia). This vaccine contains a weakened tetravalent dengue virus. Tetravalent here means that the vaccine can form immunity against the four types of circulating dengue virus, namely dengue virus serotype 1 - 4. This vaccine has obtained distribution permits in some dengue fever endemic countries, and is usually given three times with the time interval between injections is four to six months.

Effectiveness and Conditions for Giving Dengue Fever Vaccines

Before deciding to give dengue fever vaccine to prevent dengue fever, there are several things related to vaccines dengue fever that you need to know:

1. Safer for children over 9 years and adults

Data from several clinical studies have shown a reduced risk of severe dengue fever (requiring hospitalization) in older children over nine years given the vaccine. But if the dengue vaccine is given to children under the age of nine, it can increase the risk of developing severe dengue fever.

Therefore, the dengue fever vaccine is only recommended for people aged between 9 and 45 years.

2. Only effective in certain groups

The dengue fever vaccine is proven to be safe and quite effective for people who have had previous dengue virus infection. But, it actually increases the risk of dengue fever in people who have never been infected with the dengue virus.

Therefore, WHO recommends that countries that want to use this vaccine must have a screening system or accurate early detection of dengue infection. This is to avoid people who have never been infected with the dengue virus and get vaccinated.

However, in reality, it is not easy to ascertain whether someone has previously been exposed to dengue fever or not. This is because dengue fever sometimes does not show symptoms that are typical, or even asymptomatic, so someone does not necessarily know whether he has been infected with the dengue fever virus or not.

3. Does not give full prevention

The dengue fever vaccine does provide good protection for those who have had dengue fever before. However, this protection is not total. In some cases, people who have had dengue fever can still experience it again, even though they have received the vaccine.

4. Prices are expensive

In Indonesia, the dengue fever vaccine is a new vaccine. The price range of this vaccine is quite expensive, which is about 1 million for each injection dose (the recommended dose of dengue vaccine is three injections).

Therefore, you need to prepare a high enough cost to get this vaccine. Moreover, the availability of dengue fever vaccines is still limited, and can only be obtained in hospitals or private pediatrician practices.

The dengue fever vaccine currently does indeed reduce the risk of dengue virus infection in countries with case rates high dengue fever. But, this can only be achieved if the vaccine is used correctly.

The vaccine for dengue fever is only recommended when the benefits are believed to be greater than the risk. Therefore, you need to consult a doctor first if you want to get dengue fever vaccination, to ensure that you are suitable to receive the vaccine.

Another thing you need to remember is that efforts to eradicate mosquito nests and prevent mosquito bites remain is the main step to prevent dengue fever. Self-vaccination without these efforts will not be effective in preventing dengue fever.

Use closed clothing if in an area with a lot of mosquitoes, or use mosquito repellent lotion. Also make sure to routinely drain containers filled with water and dry puddles in your home environment so that mosquitoes do not nest.

Written by:

Dr. Irene Cindy Sunur

Label : Health cat_Health

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