Recognize What BTA Examination Is

BTA examination is to detect bacteria causes of tuberculosis (TB) . Bacteria TB can live in an acidic environment, so that it checks against these bacteria are known by inspection name acid resistant bacteria (AFB) .

BTA examination is carried out by checking the presence of bacteria in various organs of the body, mainly through examination of sputum samples, considering that tuberculosis (TB) most often attacks the lungs. In addition to examining sputum samples, BTA examination can also use blood, stool, urine, and bone marrow samples to see TB infection outside the lung. This article will discuss BTA examination with sputum samples. If the patient cannot remove phlegm from the respiratory tract, the patient can undergo a bronchoscopic procedure to take sputum samples.

Recognize What BTA Examination Is

Indications for BTA Check

BTA examination is performed on someone suspected of having a tuberculosis infection (TB or TB). Symptoms can be:

  • Chronic cough
  • Coughing up blood
  • Chest pain
  • Weight loss
  • Sweating at night
  • Fever
  • Shivering
  • Lemas

BTA Check Warning

BTA examination with direct sputum sampling does not cause dangerous side effects. Side effects that can occur are mild, such as irritation of the throat, causing blood spots on saliva or phlegm, and dizziness due to coughing that is too tight when taking phlegm.

For phlegm collection using the bronchoscopy method, although rare, is risky raises:

  • Allergic reactions to drugs or sleeping pills
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Tension of the respiratory muscles
  • Bleeding
  • Infection
  • Pulmonary tissue tear

AFB Examination Preparation

Patients who will undergo phlegm sampling, may not eat or drink first in the morning after waking up. After waking up, the patient is required to brush his teeth before making sputum sampling. Keep in mind that when brushing your teeth, patients should not use an antiseptic mouthwash ( mouthwash).

BTA Examination Sampling Procedure

To collect sputum samples, patients will be given a special container of sterile plastic. To expel phlegm, first the patient breathes in a deep breath and holds it for about five seconds. After being held, the breath is then slowly released. Repeat the steps to breathe, then cough hard until the phlegm rises to the mouth. The phlegm that is already in the mouth is then removed into a plastic container that has been provided and closed tightly.

Extracting phlegm is not only done once, but 3 times with the SPS time method (every morning). The first sputum sample is taken when the doctor asks for a sputum sample. The second sputum was taken in the morning the next day and the third sputum was taken when delivering the second sputum sample to the laboratory (lab). In addition to the SPS method, phlegm can also be taken 3 days in a row every morning.

If the patient cannot expel phlegm through this method, the patient is recommended to take phlegm through the bronchoscopy method. This method will use a special tool such as a hose equipped with a camera and inserted into the mouth. The patient will first be given an anesthetic spray and sleeping pills to be more relaxed when the bronchoscopy procedure is performed. After being given anesthesia and sleeping pills, the doctor will slowly insert a bronchoscopic tube until it reaches the area with phlegm. Phlegm is then aspirated using a bronchoscopic tube and collected in a special container. The hose is then pulled out and the patient can move normally. In some cases, the doctor will also take respiratory tract tissue if needed.

Sputum samples will be analyzed by staining samples with special substances and microscope observations. This examination is the fastest and easiest to do, compared to examinations for other TB diseases, such as BTA culture and genexpert.

After an AFB Check

After the acid-resistant bacterial examination has been done in the laboratory, the doctor will deliver the results to the patient and their immediate family. If the patient is proven to have pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), the patient needs to commit to taking TB medication until the specified time limit, which can be 6 months or more. Compliance of patients to take medication is very necessary, to prevent the absence of germs from standard drugs to treat TB. Healing will be very difficult if TB bacteria are immune to standard drugs, and can be fatal to death.

Patients are encouraged to invite one family member when receiving a doctor's diagnosis. This family member will act as a drug-taking supervisor (PMO), to help remind patients to take medication regularly.

Label : Health cat_Health

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