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Emotional intelligence is the ability to understand and control one's own and other people's emotions in order to have good social relationships. There are 5 components to determine emotional intelligence, namely self-awareness, self-control, social skills, empathy, and self-motivation.

Apart from intellectual intelligence (IQ), one type of intelligence that is important to learn and develop is emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is also called emotional quotient (EQ) or emotional intelligence (EI).

Good emotional intelligence can help someone socialize, make wise decisions, and deal with difficult situations. There are people who have good emotional intelligence from birth, but there are also people who may need to make efforts to train and improve their emotional intelligence.

The Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Life

Intellectual intelligence and emotional intelligence are both important and complementary.

You may have known someone who was smart academically, but not good at socializing, so that in the end he was less successful in terms of work or personal relationships. Well, actually, to achieve success and prosperity in life, it is not enough to rely on intellectual ability or IQ.

For example, your level of intellectual intelligence can really help you get into a top school or university. However, later emotional intelligence will help you manage stress and emotions when facing tests and challenges during your education.

High emotional intelligence can not only make you excel at school or at work, but also be able to lead and motivate others, be good at managing emotions and stress, be able to understand the feelings of yourself and others, and ultimately be able to build relationships. who are close to other people.

Emotionally intelligent people will also usually have a prosperous life. This is because they are better at managing mental health, emotions and stress, so they are not easily affected by anxiety or depression.

If viewed from a physical health perspective, emotional intelligence can also reduce the risk of complaints or illnesses related to prolonged stress, such as digestive disorders, headaches, muscle tension, insomnia, weight problems, or even heart disease.

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Components of Emotional Intelligence and How to Improve It

According to psychologist Daniel Goleman who introduced and wrote extensively about emotional intelligence, there are 5 main components that a person needs to be emotionally intelligent. The following is an explanation of the 5 components and how to improve their skills:

1. Self-awareness

Self-awareness or self-awareness is a person's ability to recognize and understand one's own emotions. Emotionally intelligent people will pay close attention to every emotion they feel and validate those feelings.

For example, "today I feel grateful and happy" or maybe "I am annoyed and frustrated because my boss demands too much." Well, being aware of your own emotions, both positive and negative, is the most basic ability of emotional intelligence.

By being aware of yourself, you will later be able to recognize your own strengths and limitations, be more open to other people's perceptions (open minded), and believe in your own abilities. To increase self-awareness, there are several ways you can do, namely:

• Try to ask for constructive criticism about yourself from others.
• Make a personal journal or diary.
• Learn new skills.
• Take time to reflect, and focus on your thoughts and emotions.
• If necessary, try positive self-talk.

2. Self-control

Aside from being aware of one's own emotions, emotional intelligence also involves good self-control over things that trigger emotional reactions. Being able to control yourself means you know how to express your emotions in the right way, and know exactly when and how you should react.

For example, when something triggers anger, an emotionally intelligent response is to pause before reacting. This way, you can be calmer and think more clearly about the impacts that will occur.

Remember, controlling your own reactions does not mean bottling up your true emotions, but simply waiting for the right time and place to express them. People with good EQ will be wise in dealing with conflicts and calming down situations.

Some ways to train emotional intelligence are:

• Find ways to manage difficult emotions.
• See challenges as opportunities.
• Practice good communication skills.
• Realize that you have a choice to respond well.
• Try not to make decisions or statements when emotional.

3. Social skills

The ability to socialize with other people, both verbal and nonverbal communication, is an important component of emotional intelligence. With this skill, you will also make other people comfortable interacting with you so you can build strong relationships.

Social skills can also benefit you in the world of work. To train and improve emotional intelligence, several ways you can do are:

• Be a good listener and make eye contact when speaking.
• Show your interest in the other person.
• Start a simple conversation.
• Relax and calm yourself, make yourself as comfortable as possible so that other people are also comfortable interacting with you.

4. Empathy

Emotional intelligence also includes having an empathetic attitude towards other people. This means you are able to understand other people's feelings and see things from their point of view.

People who have strong emotional intelligence will also consider other people's perspectives and emotions, then use this as information to understand behind someone's behavior.

To build high empathy, try to be willing to share stories or feelings with other people, be a listener to complaints without criticizing, often talk to new people, and imagine yourself in other people's shoes.

5. Self-motivation

Emotionally intelligent means you have the desire or motivation to fulfill your own needs and goals. This motivation does not always have to be materialistic or individualistic, such as fame, money, recognition or praise.

People with emotional intelligence usually have a strong determination to achieve and are always looking for ways to do better every day. He can also be committed and good at taking initiative. He is also always happy to receive positive feedback so he can improve himself.

To build self-motivation, focus on setting small goals first, celebrate whatever results you get, challenge yourself to do something different than usual, and try to work together with other people.

Those are the various things you need to know about emotional intelligence. If you feel that there are deficiencies or obstacles in terms of emotional intelligence that are preventing you from developing for the better, don't hesitate to consult a psychologist.

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