This is how to maintain your immune system during times of high air pollution and hot weather

Nipah Virusis an infection that is dangerously transmitted from animals to humans. This Virus was once endemic in Malaysia and spread widely to Singapore, Bangladesh and India.Nipah Virus>now it is predicted to have the potential to become a pandemic, considering that the spread of infectionis quite fast.

Nipah Virus is a type of RNA virus originating from the genus Henipavirus. The initial transmission of the Nipah virus occurred from fruit bats to livestock, such as pigs, horses, goats, sheep, cats and dogs.

This is how to maintain your immune system during times of high air pollution and hot weather

The first case of the Nipah virus outbreak occurred in 1999, in a pig farming area in Sungai Nipah, Malaysia. Since then, Nipah virus infection has spread rapidly to several Asian countries.

Is it true that the Nipah Virus will become a new pandemic?

In Indonesia, Nipah virus infection In fact, it is still difficult to detect because there are no case reports and limited tools and systems for initial screening. However, considering that Indonesia is a country that has a population of fruit bats, the risk of spreading this virus remains.

Nipah virus infection has a relatively high mortality rate, namely around 40–75%. This virus can be transmitted from animals to humans (zoonosis) through contact with the body fluids of infected animals or humans. Apart from that, there are several factors that can increase the risk of transmission of the Nipah virus, namely:

  • Consuming fruit, food or raw sap water contaminated with the Nipah virus
  • Exposure or close contact direct contact with infected animals and their body fluids, for example blood, urine and saliva
  • Close contact with sufferers or their body fluids, including droplets, urine and blood
  • Animal breeders, especially in livestock areas close to bat populations
  • Health workers who care for patients infected with the Nipah virus or laboratory workers who manage specimens from patients infected with the Nipah virus
  • Have recently traveled to an outbreak area of ​​the Nipah virus
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The various ways of transmission, including respiratory droplets or mucus that come out when sneezing or coughing, make the Nipah virus spread more quickly, both to livestock and humans.

This is the reason why it is feared that the Nipah virus infection will become a new pandemic if efforts to prevent and control the disease are carried out too late.

What are the symptoms and dangers of the Nipah Virus?

The length of time for symptoms to appear from the start of infection, also known as the incubation period for the Nipah virus, is generally around 4-14 days. Symptoms of Nipah virus infection can vary from person to person, ranging from asymptomatic to severe.

However, in general, in the initial phase symptoms similar to flu or upper respiratory tract infection (ARI) will appear, namely:

  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Cough
  • Sore throat
  • Shortness of breath
  • Diarrhea
  • Vomiting

If it continues, the Nipah virus infection will enter the inflammation or brain swelling phase (encephalitis). Symptoms when someone has entered the brain inflammation phase can get worse quickly, namely around 24-48 hours. Some of the symptoms of brain inflammation caused by the Nipah virus are severe dizziness, unbearable drowsiness, confusion, seizures, and even coma.

Until now there is no effective medicine to treat the Nipah virus. Treatment is focused on relieving symptoms, for example giving paracetamol to reduce fever or providing sufficient fluids to prevent dehydration.

Certain drugs, such as ribavirin or monoclonal antibodies, are still being studied further for their effectiveness. Likewise, there is no vaccine that can prevent infection with the Nipah virus.

Therefore, to reduce the risk of exposure to the Nipah virus, there are several things that need to be done, including not consuming raw sap, as much as possible not traveling to areas epidemic, apply cough etiquette, wash your hands with soap and running water, and immediately isolate livestock or someone suspected of being infected with the Nipah virus.

If you experience symptoms of Nipah virus infection, especially if you have a history of travel to an endemic area and have had contact with sick animals or people, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Later, the doctor will carry out a complete examination, including carrying out RT-PCR and ELISA examinations to confirm the diagnosis of Nipah virus infection.

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